Re-recordings of popular songs or kayokyoku until 1948. Kayokyoku are generally the middle ground between pop, with western characteristics and Japanese enka with strong Japanese characteristics. They originated from the time of the first major foreign affiliated record companies. 18 tracks, sung by artists including Michiya Mihashi, Hachiro Kasuga, Rintaro Shoji, Utako Matsushima, Akihiro Miwa, Goro Kagami, Miyako Otsuki, Minoru Obata and Haruo Oka.